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Every women dreams of motherhood - a shear bliss of God, fulfilling the women with love, affection and dedication.Despite so many challenges to her health, it's a most admired dream of all.

The mere whisper of this word vibrates the ear. Every female on this Earth desires to be a mother, that feeling of love affection , completeness is so engraved in all females  Medically the world of mother is a canvas with all shades, -joy, sacrifice, love, affection, being the first teacher and last but not the least , the best friend. A woman undergoes uncountable physical and mental changes which affect her so much but hats off to all woman , still motherhood is beyond all.

 Pregnant women under 17 or over 35 are considered high-risk pregnancies. Being pregnant with multiple babies. Having a history of complicated pregnancies, such as preterm labor, C-section, pregnancy loss or having a child with a birth defect and family history of genetic conditions comes under high risk pregnancy. Risk factors for a high-risk pregnancy includes high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, epilepsy, kidney disease. More than one fetus (twins and higher-order multiples) causes preeclampsia, premature labour, and preterm birth. Pregnancy in teens and women age 35 or older increases the risk for preeclampsia and gestational high blood pressure. Women with high-risk pregnancies should receive care from a specialist to ensure the best possible outcome. Early and regular prenatal care helps many women have healthy pregnancies and deliveries without complications. 

If you and your partner are struggling to have a baby, you're not alone. In India, 10% to 15% of couples are infertile. Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite having frequent, unprotected sex for at least a year for most couples. Infertility may result from an issue with either you or your partner, or a combination of factors that prevent pregnancy. Fortunately, there are many safe and effective therapies that significantly improve your chances of getting pregnant. Women should talk with a doctor earlier, however, if they are >35 years and have been trying to conceive for six months or longer. Women having history of irregular or absent periods, painful periods, tuberculosis, endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease, multiple miscarriages and cancer, should consult. Men should talk to a doctor if they have low sperm count or other problems with sperm, problem in testicles and prostate or sexual problems

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone (androgen) levels. The ovaries may develop numerous small collections of fluid (follicles) and fail to regularly release eggs. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. PCOS symptoms are more severe if you are obese. Infrequent, irregular or prolonged menstrual cycles, excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), and occasionally severe acne and male-pattern baldness are the most common sign of PCOS. Your ovaries might be enlarged and contain follicles that surround the eggs. As a result, the ovaries might fail to function regularly and cause infertility. It can be treated with change in life style and medications.

If you're considering using birth control, you have many options — including natural family planning, over-the-counter products, prescription contraceptives and sterilization. To choose the birth control method that's best for you, consider your lifestyle, personal preferences and health status. For instance, how do you feel about: planning for sex, inserting a birth control device into your body, taking a pill at the same time every day tracking fertile days and permanently ending your fertility. It's also important to honestly assess yourself, your partner and your relationship. You may have different birth control needs if you have sex often. Ideally, you'll find a solution that benefits both you and your partner. 

Endometriosis-its a mysterious disease of young age having no obvious cause but bothering doctors and woman for ages. It affects around 10% of population- presentation of it varying from from painful cycles to heavy bleeding, infertility, abdominal and back ache to ovarian cyst. It primaily affects the ovaries causing choclate cyst, the uterus involvement causing painful heavy bleeding to infertility., adhesions causing backache.

 Ovarian cyst is a fluid filled sac which develops in ovaries. Ovarian cysts are very common.They may vary in size from less than 1cm to large size even upto 15-20cm. Many factors increase risk of it like - hormonal changes (including fertility drogs), pregnancy, pelvic infections. Most ovarian cysts are small, non cancerous and asymptomatic but may cause symptoms like pain or discomfort in lower abdomen, sometimes periods become irregular or heavy or lighter flow. There are many types of ovarian cysts- follicular cyst, corpus luteum cyst, dermoid cyst choclate cyst, Polycystic ovary.

A uterine prolapse is when the uterus descends toward or into the vagina. It happens when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments become weak and are no longer able to support the uterus.  In some cases, the uterus can protrude from the vaginal opening. Complications can include the ulceration of exposed tissue and prolapse of other pelvic organs, such as the bladder or the rectum.Pelvic floor muscles can become weak for several reasons:  pregnancy and childbirth, advancing age, menopause, overweight and obesity, heavy lifting, chronic coughing, chronic constipation and history of pelvic surgery. Genetic factors leading to weak connective tissue also plays a role. Typical symptoms include:  pelvic heaviness or pulling, vaginal bleeding or an increase in vaginal discharge, difficulties with sexual intercourse, urinary leakage, bladder infections bowel movement difficulties, such as constipation & lower back pain.  An ultrasound or MRI may help assess the severity of the prolapse.  Prolapse up to the third degree may spontaneously resolve. More severe cases may require medical treatment.  Options include vaginal pessary and surgery.  Vaginal pessary is a vaginal device that supports the uterus and keeps it in position. In cases of severe prolapse, a pessary can cause irritation, ulceration, and sexual problems.   Surgeons can repair a prolapsed uterus through the vagina or abdomen. In severe cases, doctors may recommend hysterectomy. This procedure removes the uterus and, often, other parts of the reproductive system.

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during childbearing years. Fibroids aren't associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer and almost never develop into cancer. Fibroids range in size from seedlings, undetectable by the human eye, to bulky masses that can distort and enlarge the uterus. You can have a single fibroid or multiple ones. In extreme cases, multiple fibroids can expand the uterus so much that it reaches the rib cage and can add weight. Your doctor may discover fibroids incidentally during a pelvic exam or prenatal ultrasound. The most common signs and symptoms of uterine fibroids include heavy menstrual bleeding, menstrual periods lasting more than a week, pelvic pressure or pain, frequent urination, difficulty emptying the bladder, constipation, backache or leg pains, spotting and anaemia. Seek prompt medical care if you have severe vaginal bleeding or sharp pelvic pain that comes on suddenly.

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries. The female reproductive system contains two ovaries, one on each side of the uterus. The ovaries produce eggs as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has spread within the pelvis and abdomen. At this late stage, ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat. Early-stage ovarian cancer, in which the disease is confined to the ovary, is more likely to be treated successfully. Signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer includes abdominal bloating or swelling, quickly feeling full when eating, weight loss, discomfort in the pelvis area, changes in bowel habits, such as constipation and frequent need to urinate. Surgery and chemotherapy are generally used to treat ovarian cancer. If you have a family history of ovarian cancer or breast cancer, talk to your doctor about your risk of ovarian cancer. 

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the uterus. The uterus is the hollow, pear-shaped pelvic organ where fetal development occurs. Endometrial cancer begins in the layer of cells that form the lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Endometrial cancer is sometimes called uterine cancer. Other types of cancer can form in the uterus, including uterine sarcoma, but they are much less common than endometrial cancer. Signs and symptoms of endometrial cancer includes vaginal bleeding after menopause, bleeding between periods, irregular cycles or excessive bleeding and pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer is often detected at an early stage because it frequently produces abnormal vaginal bleeding. If endometrial cancer is discovered early, removing the uterus surgically often cures endometrial cancer while precancerous conditions of uterine cancer can be managed with medications

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancer. When exposed to HPV, the body's immune system typically prevents the virus from doing harm. In a small percentage of people, however, the virus survives for years, contributing to the process that causes some cervical cells to become cancer cells. You can reduce your risk of developing cervical cancer by having screening tests and receiving a vaccine that protects against HPV infection. Early-stage cervical cancer generally produces no signs or symptoms. But advance cancer cause vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause, watery or bloody vaginal discharge that may be heavy and have a foul odour & pelvic pain or pain during intercourse. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms that concern you.